The Council of Europe’s anti-corruption body GRECO in its annual report, published Thursday, urges states to prevent corruption risks in measures aimed at tackling the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, MIA correspondent reports.
Governments should rigorously manage the corruption risks that have emerged due to the need to take extraordinary measures to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, including the infusion of large amounts of money into the economy to alleviate its economic and social impact, GRECO said.
GRECO underlines that for more than one year now governments have had to put in place emergency measures that have implied concentrations of powers and derogations of fundamental rights, measures which go hand in hand with corruption risks that should not be underestimated. These risks may be particularly pronounced in respect of public procurement systems when it comes to issues such as conflicts of interest and the role of lobbying.
Secretary General Marija Pejčinović Burić said: “In the challenging times we face, governments should step up their efforts to ensure that all policies and actions aimed at addressing the public health and economic crises meet anti-corruption standards. Adequate legislation and institutional frameworks to combat corruption are not enough. We must see these standards applied effectively in practice, and governments must act with transparency and accountability”.
In the report, GRECO’s president Marin Mrčela calls on states to closely follow the guidelines issued by GRECO in 2020 to prevent corruption risks in the context of the pandemic.
“It is crucial that, in state of emergency situations, all decisions and procedures are designed with transparency, integrity and accountability”, he said.
Based on GRECO’s work in 2020, the president of GRECO also regrets that in some member states there are “conspicuous attempts” by the executive and/or the legislative powers to attack, intimidate or subjugate the judiciary.
“When looking at the measures to prevent corruption, we must bear in mind that we should not see the fight against corruption as separate from, or even opposed to judicial independence. The first is essential to the second, and vice-versa”, he added.
The report reviews the measures to prevent corruption taken in GRECO’s member states in 2020 in its 4th round evaluation – which concerns parliamentarians, judges and prosecutors – and its 5th evaluation round, which focuses on central governments – including top executive functions – and law enforcement agencies.
By the end of 2020, GRECO’s member states had fully implemented almost 40% of its recommendations to prevent corruption in respect of MPs, judges and prosecutors. The recommendations with the lowest compliance were those issued in respect of MPs (only 30% fully implemented), followed by judges (41%) and prosecutors (47%).
At end 2020, the following countries were in the non-compliance procedure under the 4th evaluation round in respect of members of parliament, judges and prosecutors: Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Luxembourg, Republic of Moldova, Monaco, Poland (including Rule 34), Portugal, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. In March 2021, GRECO decided not to implement it anymore in Portugal.
Regarding the recommendations for judges, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden have fully implemented all the recommendations. Implementation of 4th Round recommendations related to judges by other GRECO member states were highly in compliance including Latvia (86%), Estonia (80%), North Macedonia (75%) and Slovenia (75%).
The report also underlines how fighting corruption and upholding the rule of law go hand in hand, and that the rule of law and judicial independence should never be undermined in the name of fighting corruption.
Part of the Report on North Macedonia
By the end of 2020, North Macedonia fully implemented 13 of 25 recommendations of the GRECO contained in fourth evaluation round. 52% of the recommendations are implemented, 40% partially and 8% are not implemented. In regard to recommendations to MPs, 28.6% are implemented, 57.1% are partly implemented and 14.3% are not implemented.
As regards to recommendation to judges, 75% are implemented, 16.7% are partially and 8.3% are not implemented. 33.3% of the recommendations related to prosecutors are implemented while 66.7% are partially implemented.
The Group of States against Corruption (GRECO) was established in 1999 by the Council of Europe to monitor States’ compliance with the organisation’s anti-corruption standards.
GRECO’s objective is to improve the capacity of its members to fight corruption by monitoring their compliance with Council of Europe anti-corruption standards through a dynamic process of mutual evaluation and peer pressure. It helps to identify deficiencies in national anti-corruption policies, prompting the necessary legislative, institutional and practical reforms. Currently, GRECO comprises 50 member States (48 European States, Kazakhstan and the United States of America).
